Heat Cramps, Heat Exhaustion, or Heat Stroke Treatment

• Heat cramps: A person should rest and drink water or an electrolyte solution (for example, sports drinks). Stretching or directing pressure on the muscles may decrease cramping.
• Heat exhaustion: A person should lie down and rest in a cool, shady location and elevate the feet about 12 inches above the head. A person should also drink water or an electrolyte solution. IV fluids should be administered if available. Untreated heat exhaustion may lead to heat stroke.
• Heat stroke: Treatment consists of rapid cooling. Ice should be placed in the person's armpits and groin area. The person should be dampened with a water spray, wet sponges, or wet towels. Air should be blown over the person with a fan. Cool IV fluids should be infused if available. Covering the person with ice or immersing the person in ice is not recommended. Heat stroke is a medical emergency and a life-threatening condition. Every effort should be made to get the victim to an emergency department as soon as possible.